Migration and Inter-Minority Xenophobia in the Russian Federation
Project Director: Professor Mikhail A. Alexseev, San Diego State University
Funded by the National Council for Eurasian and East European Research (Title VIII Research Grant), 2006-2008
Participants
- Levada Analytical Center, Moscow, Russia:
- Lyudmila Khakhulina
- Emilia Azarkh
- Department of Sociology, Tver State Technical University, Tver, Russia
- Elena Panchenko
- Eleonora Maikova
Questions
- What attitudes underlie the recent rise of inter-minority hostility and violence in Russia's migrant-receiving regions?
- How does status differentiation among minorities-titular/non-titular, regional majority/minority, native/migrant, Muslim/non-Muslim-affect inter-minority relations?
This study for the first time investigates these questions systematically with mass survey data among five migrant groups in
- Krasnodar Krai,
- the Republic of Adygea,
- Volgograd Oblast, and
- the Republic of Dagestan.
The poll was carried out by the Analytical Levada Center in December 2006 - January 2007. The sample was 1,000 respondents, consisting of:
- Armenians residing in Krasnodar Krai - 400 respondents, including:
- 200 people who have lived in Krasnodar Krai from the time they were born or who settled there prior to 1989 (settled Armenians) and
- 200 people who settled in Krasnodar Krai in 1989 or thereafter (“new” Armenians)
- Adygs residing in the Republic of Adygea - 200 respondents
- Azerbaijanis residing in the Republic of Dagestan - 200 respondents
- Kazakhs residing in Volgograd Oblast - 200 respondents
These groups were selected to control for the effects of
- titular/non-titular status of the minority;
- new vs. settled minority populations;
- Asian vs. Caucasian ethnicity;
- Christian vs. Muslim religion; and
- ethnic Slav dominance vs. ethnic heterogeneity.
These populations were sampled using a combination of random routing in dense/compact settlement areas (634 respondents) and snowballing method in areas of sparse minority settlement (366 respondents). Total response rate (as % of the total number of households visited) was 39 percent.
The questionnaire closely replicating the author's 2005 Russian migration and ethnic relations survey used in the project on Sources of Anti-Migrant Hostility (MacArthur Foundation) was administered. The analysis presented here is based on identical survey items used in 2006/07 in the areas listed above and in 2005 in Krasnodar/Adygea; Volgograd Oblastl; and Russian Federation samples.
- Methodology (includes all location codes and survey report):
NCEEER_MINSURV_LevadaReport.doc - Sample survey questionnaire (for the Krasnodar Krai sample):
migr-sp-76-KK_FIN.doc [In Russian]
(Questionnaires were the same in all samples, except for the lists of migrant minorities) - List of migrant minorities by survey sample:
NCEEER_Levada_natsgrouplist_English.doc - Survey Dataset (includes question wording):
NCEEER_MIN2007_RUS2005_WEB.sav (SPSS 15.0)